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glossary menu
Every now and then we come across terminology
that leaves us scratching our heads as to the meaning of certain acronyms, buzzwords or
new IT terms emanating from our friends at Redmond (or Reading!). With this in mind, we've
put together a glossary of terms for you to use, print off or cut-n-paste to your desktop
which will help you sort out your ASPs (Active Server Pages) from your ASPs (Application
Service Provider).
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A |
Address
record. A DNS resource record that maps a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) to an IP
address. |
ACE |
An
access control entry is the basic unit of Windows NT security. ACEs controll access to
NTFS and Active Directory (AD) objects, printers, and Registry keys. ACEs consist of a
SID, which represents a security principal such as a user or group, and an access mask,
which defines the access rights of that SID. A collection of ACEs that control access to
an object is an ACL. |
ACL |
The
access control list (ACL) is a collection of access control entries (ACEs) that define the
access rights to an NT object. |
ACPI |
The
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is an industry standard that defines
power management on computers and peripherals, and it plays an important role in the power
management and Plug and Play (PnP) features of Windows 2000 (Win2K). ACPI is also the key
to the OnNow industry technology that vendors are using to build systems that start
instantly when you touch a key. In Win2K, the Control Panel's Power Options let you manage
different power schemes that take advantage of ACPI. |
AD |
The
Active Directory is Windows 2000's (Win2K's) directory service. AD is a hierarchical
namespace that serves as a Win2K network's backbone. The service uses a multimaster
replication model in which each domain controller maintains a read-write copy of the
directory. AD is highly scalable. |
ADSI |
Active
Directory Service Interfaces. An interface to simplify accessing AD objects. |
Allocation
unit size |
Also
known as cluster size, allocation unit size is the smallest amount of hard disk space that
Win2K uses to hold a file. Smaller allocation unit sizes result in more efficient use of
hard disk space. You can specify the allocation unit size when you format a hard disk
drive. If you don't specify a size, Win2K defaults to a size based on the size of the
volume. Use format /A:[size] at the command prompt to override the default, where [size]
can be 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16K, 32K, and 64K for FAT, FAT32, and NTFS. FAT and
FAT32 also support 128K and 256K for sector sizes greater than 512 bytes. You can't use
NTFS compression for allocation unit sizes larger than 4096 bytes. |
Attribute |
A
characteristic of an Active Directory (AD) object; often called a property in Widows 2000
(Win2K), especially in reference to replication. |
Authenticated
users |
A
Win2K group whose membership the OS or the domain controls. In Windows NT 4.0,
administrators control Administrators and Users groups, and the OS or the domain controls
the Everyone group, which you can use to assign permissions. In Win2K, administrators can
control the Administrators, the Power Users, and the Users groups; Authenticated Users is
the only group the OS can control. Unlike the Everyone group, the Authenticated Users
group doesnt contain anonymous or guest users. By default, the Authenticated Users
group is a member of Power Users group. |
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